Self-primer vacuum-feed carburetor



SELF PRIMER VACUUM FEED CARBURETOR Filed Sept. 25. 1920 Hen/y Green.Qwuwnloa;

Patented Apr 2, 'WZQ,

HENRY GREEN, 013 FORT WORTH, TEXAS.

SELF-PRIMER VACUUM-FEED CAEBURETOR.

Application filed September 25, 1920. Serial No. 412,630.

This invent-ion relates to new and useful improvements in carburetorsand has for its primary object to provide a priming and idling deviceassociated with the carburetor proper so that gasoline and air will bedrawn into the intake pipe when the engine starts and as soon as thesupply of gasoline in the priming and idling device is just aboutexhausted or used by the engine starting, a mixture of gasoline and airwill be drawn into the intake pipe to cause the engine to run at anidling speed.

Another important object of the invention resides in the combination ofa carburetor and vacuum device with an intake pipe having a throttlevalve therein, said carburetor ineluding a primer and idling device thelatter of which has communication with the intake pipe between thethrottle valve and the engine.

Another object of the invention resides in the provision of thecombination of an intake pipe, a carburetor and a vacuum. supply chamberthe latter having communication with the intake pipe between thethrottle valve therein and the engine whereby a vacuum may be created inthe vacuum chamber regardless of the position of the throttle valve.

A still further object of the invention resides in the provision of acarburetor having a vacuum supply device associated therewith in such amanner that a vacuum will be automatically created in the supply devicewhen the supply of fuel in the carburetor and the supply device properhas been exhausted or just about exhausted, thereby providing a.carburetor which will be properly supplied with fuel regardless of theposition of the main fuel tank.

Another object of the invention resides in the provision of a carburetorbuilt in a number of sections whereby the carburetor can be readilyassembled and disassembled.

' Other objects and advantages of the invention will become apparentduring the course of the following description.

In the accompanying drawings forming a part of the application andwherein like numerals are employed to designate like parts throughoutseveral. views. I

Figure 1 is a vertical section through the carburetor embodying myinvention, and

Figure 2 is a transver e section taken on the line 2-2 of Figure 1.

Referring now to the drawing wherein for the purpose of illustration isshown the preferred embodiment of my invention, the carburetor is shownin the vertical section in Figure 1 and consists of a plurality ofdetachable parts one of which is an intake pipe 7 having one end flangedas at 8, whereby the same may be connected to an internal combustionengine. This intake pipe 7 is provided with a longitudinally extendingopening 9 extending from the end of the intake pipe which is flanged andterminating in a curved passage which communicates with the carburetorin a manner which will be fully described hereinafter. A throttle valve11 of tie well known construction is mounted in the opening 9 of theintake pipe 7. The end of the intake pipe 7 opposite the flanged end isprovided with a fuel inlet pas- 12 having an inner vertical extension13. it is of course understood that the inlet passage 12 is connected bymeans of a conduit 1 1 to a fuel supply tank, not shown.

he angular extension 13 of the fuel inlet passage 12 opens into the topsurface of the intake pipe 7 to communicate with a vertically extendinginlet passage 15 of a vacuum chamber designated in its entirety by thenumeral 16 and secured by means of fastenings 1? to the top surface ofthe intake pipe 7. The passage 15 extends upwardly to a point adjacentthe top of the vacuum chamber 16 and opens thereinto, the admission offuel into the chamber 16 through the passage 15 being controlled by aninwardly opening needle valve 18, slidably mounted in a bracket 19carried by a horizontal spider 20 arranged within the chamber 16, andcontrolled by a mechanism which will be presently described.

The opposite wall of the reservoir 16 is provided with a verticallyextending suction passage way .21 which communicates with the upper endof the fuel reservoir 16, this end of the passage way being alsocontrolled by an inwardly opening needle valve 22 slidably mountedwithin the reservoir 16 in a bracket 23 rising from the spider 20. Thisneedle valve is also actuated by the float controlled mechanism whichoperates the needle valve 18. The lower end of the suction passageway 21communicates with one end of a longitudinally extending suction conduit24 provided in the intake pipe 7 and the opposite end of this conduitcommunicates with the opening 25 in the intake pipe 7 beyond thethrottle valve 11.

The upper end of the fuel reservoir 16 is provided with a vent opening26 which is controlled by an inwardly opening sliding needle valve 27mounted in the bracket 23 of the spider 20. In order to intermittentlyoperate the plurality of valves in the reservoir 16, a float 28 isarranged within the reservoir 16 and equipped with a verticallyextending stem 29 slidably mounted through the spider and extendingthereabove. This stem 29 is provided with two pairs of spaced collars orabutments', the uppermost being designated by the minieral 30, while thelower are indicated by the numeral 31. Angle levers 32 are pivotedbetween their ends upon opposite sides of the float stem 29 so thattheir inner ends may be arranged between the two lowermost collars 31The outermost ends of these levers are extended at right angles andequipped with vertically extending slots 33 in which pins 34 of theneedle valves 8 and 22 are adapted to operate. The inner end of an anglelever 35 is disposed between the uppermost collars of the float stem 29,and the lever is pivoted between its ends to an upstanding post ofthespider to which one of the angle levers 32 is pivoted. The outer end ofthe lever is extended downwardly at right angles and equipped with aslot to receive a pin carried by the needle valve 27 which controls thevent openin 26.

It will therefore be seen that when the level of the fuel within thereservoir 16 is below its predetermined level, the float 28 will havemoved downwardly within the reservoir 16 to cause the outer ends of theangle levers to move inwardly and consequently open the needle valves 18and 22, while the angle lever 35 will. he moved to close the valve 27.Consequently, on the suction stroke of the engine to which thecarburetor is attached, suction will be created within the reservoir 16and through the suction passage way 21 of the fuel reservoir l6 andintake pipe 7 respectively, thereby causing additional fuel to be drawnfrom the supply tank and entered into the reservoir 16. During thedowinvard movement of the float 28, an abutment or collar 36 carried bythe float stem 29 engages the inner ends of a pair of counter-weightlevers 37 which are pivoted between their ends to depending supportscarried by the spider 20. The outer end of each lever 3'? is equippedwith a countor-balance weight so that they will retard the downwardmovement of the float 2S and assist its return. When the float 28 againrises to its predetermined point, the valves 18 and 22 are automaticallyclosed, while the needle valve 27 is opened whereby the fuel from thereservoir 16 will pass downwardly through a conduit 38 in the intakepipe 7 and conduit 39 in an air inlet casting 40 which will be presentlydescribed.

The air inlet casting 40 has its inner end enlarged into a ring likehead, the central opening 41. therein having communication with anelongated passage 4-2 through which air is admitted into the carburetor.nary butterfly valve 43 is positioned in the passage 42 to regulate theamount of air pass ing thcrethrough into the carburetor. The top edge ofthe opening 41 is provided with an annular recess 44 in which is seatedan out turned flange 45 of a downwardly tapered tubular deflector member46 constituting a mixing chamber. The air inlet casting 40 is secured bysuitable fastenings to the underside of the intake pipe 7 so that theinner edge 10 of the opening through the intake pipe 7 opens into theupper end of the detlector 46, and the flange 45 of the deflector isclamped as clearly shown between these two castings.

Secured to the lower edges of the opening 41 is a downwardly taperedenclosing shell 4'? which is adapted to surround the deflector 46 inspaced relation whereby air may enter the opening 42 of the casting 40and pass downwardly between the deflector 46 and the shell 47. Thebottom of the enclosing mem ber 47 is spaced from the lower edge of thedeflector 46, and is provided with an upstanding nozzle 48 having aconical upper end whereby a needle valve 49 may operate therein foradjusting the amount of fuel entering the mixing chamber. The bottom ofthe shell 47 is provided with a depending chamber 50 having its bottomequipped with a tabular exteriorly threaded depending extension 51 whichis adapted to extend through an opening in the bottom of the carburetorbowl 52 for threaded engagement with a packing nut 53 surrounding thelower end of the needle valve 49. The shell 47 is fastened to the bottomof the intake pipe casting 40 in any suitable manner, and the threadedcap 53 and the similar cap associated with the screw valve 67 bothassist in supporting the float bowl 52 and clamping the same against theintake, casting 40.

Opposite sides of the chamber 50 are apertured and to one of the sidesis secured a laterally extending cell 54 having its outer end equippedwith a port which is controlled by an inwardly extending'valve 55mounted in the cell. This valve 55 is normally disposed in an openposition so that fuel from the bowl 52 can enter the chamber 50.However, should the supply of fuel ever become exhausted from the bowl52 suction in the bowl and the vacuum reservoir 16 acting through thepassage 21 will cause the valve 55 to close whereby the proper vacuumwithin the vacuum reservoir 1.6 can be created in order to draw a freshsupply of fuel from the main fuel tank into the vacuum reservoir 16.

To the opposite apertured side of the chambcr 50 is secured one end of apipe 56 extending toward the side of the bowl 52, this pipe is providedwith a pair of upstanding conduits 57 and 58, the former being a fuel Anordiconduit, while the latter is designed as an air intake conduit. Aprimer reservoir or shell 59 surrounds the tube 57in spaced relationthereto and the top of the reservoir 59-is provided with an upstandingextension 60 which communicates with one end of a vertical port 61 inthe air intake casting 40, This port in turn communicates with alongitudinally extending conduit 62 in the intake pipe 7, the other endof this conduit opening at two points 63 in the opening 9 of the intakepipe 7 beyond the throttle valve 11. A valve adjusting screw ea isassociated with the in take pipe 7 to control the conduit 62.

The upper end of the air inlet tube 58icommunicates with a port or ventopening 65 in the air inlet casting 40, while the lower end of the tubebesides communicatingwith the pipe 56 communicates with the lower end ofthe primer reservoir 59 as at 66. In order to control the admission offuel into the primer reservoir 59, a valve in the form of an adjustingscrew 67 is threaded through a depending extension 68 of the pipe 56 tobe in vertical alignment with the tube 57. The depending extension 68is, as seen, clamped to the bottom of the bowl 52 whereby thepipe 56 andthe associated parts are properly supported. v i

The float in the bowl 52 is provided with an upstanding needle valve 70which is adapted to control the passage of fuel through the port 39. Theneedle valve 70 is mounted on a movement controlling means which in thepresent instance is in the form of a rod 69 pivotally mounted betweenits ends to a depending support 7 2 carried by the air intake casting 40and said rod 69 having a free hooked end 73 which is adapted forengagement withthe support 72 when the float lowers to a certain extentso as to limit the movement of the float and to prevent the needle valve70 becoming disengaged from the outer end of the port 39. 6

By referring to Figure 1 of the drawings, it will be seen that the bowl52 is secured .by its upper edges to the bottom of the intake casting 40and inasmuch as the enclosing member 47 is secured to the bottom of theair intake casting 40, it projects into the bowl 52 below thepredetermined level of the fuel therein. Obviously then, the air intakecasting 40 and the bowl 52 constitute the carburetor proper.

It is to be recalled that the ports 25 and 63 open into the intakepassage 9 between the throttle valve 11 and the engine with which thedevice is associated. Consequently, when the engine is running, acontinuous suction through the passage 21 is created regardless of theposition of the throttle valve 11. When the level of the fuel in thevacuum chamber 16 recedes and permits the float 28 to lower, it will beunderstood from the construction and arrangement of the valves in thevacuum tank 16 hereinbefore set forth, that'the valve 27will close theair port 26 and simultaneously therewith, the valves 18 and 22 will becaused to open, thereby permitting the suction acting through thepassage 21 to exhaust all air in the vacuum chamber and cause a suctionthrough the fuel inlet passage 15 whereby an additional sup ply of fuelwill be drawn into the vacuum chamber 16 from the main supply tank. Assoon as the maximum amount of fuel has been caused to flow into thevacuum chamber 16 the float 28 will have been elevated so as to open theair port 26 and close the passages 15 and 21. g

It will also be recalled that the passage 62 opens into the intakepassage 9 at two spaced points 63 which are disposed between thethrottle valve and the engine, and by reciting simply an opening oropenings 63,1 will state that their action is the same as that of asingle such opening. Vi hile the fuel is passing into bowl 52 it willrise to its maximum height, and if valve 67 is open, it will beappreciated that fuel from the bowl 52 will pass through the tube 56 andup into the tube 57 to overflow and empty into the primer chamber 59until the level of fuel therein rises to the same height as the level ofthe fuel in the carburetor bowl 52. hen the engine is started, thethrotle valve 11 will be closed so that suction through the intake pipewill create a suction in the passage 62 and draw the fuel mixture in theprimary chamber 59 into the intake pipe and thence into the cylinders ofthe engine where it will be readily exploded. lVith such a rich mixtureof fuel passing to the cylinders of the engine, it will be appreciatedthat the engine will readily start running and will draw all of the fuelin the primer chamber 59 therefrom until it has just about exhausted thesame. Then this happens, the port 66 communicating the primer reservoir59 with the air tube will be opened and air will be drawn into theprimer chamber 59 and subsequently into the passage 62 through the ports63. At the same time, fuel will be drawn up by the suction in thepassage 62 through the tube57 so that a combination of air and gasolinewill be sucked into the intake passage 9 to cause the engine to run atan idling speed.

Thus, when the throttle valve 11 is opened to startv the vehicle moving,then the carburetor proper will come into play and permit a combustiblecharge to be drawn up through the deflector 46 in the customary mannerto furnish the engine with the ordinary combustible charge. It is to beborne in mind that the opening and closing of the throttle valve 11 inno way effects the continuous suction which is created in the passage24, and that the mlnute the level of fuel in the vacuum chamber recedes,the valve'27 will be promptly closed to permit the suction in passage 24to draw in an additional quantity of fuel into the vacuum chamber 16 ashereinbefore described.

It will of course be obvious that the level of fuel in the carburetorbowl 52 is maintained at a predetermined level by the float operatingthe valve which controls the passage of fuel from the vacuum chamber 16down into the carburetor bowl 52. Consequently, it will be appreciatedthat a carbureting and priming device has been provided which will atall times be well supplied with fuel regardless of the position of thefuel tank on the motor vehicle or the inclination at which the vehicleis disposed with respect to the horizontal.

The foregoing description and the accompanying drawings have referenceto the preferred or approved embodiment of my in vention. It is to beunderstood however, that such changes may be made in construction andarrangement of parts, materials, dimensions, etc. as may prove expedientand fall within the scope of the appended claims.

Having thus described my invention what I claim as new is:

1. The combination with an intake pipe for internal combustion engineshaving a throttle valve therein, a conduit communicating with the intakepipe to one side of the throttle valve, a carburetor having a bowlassociated with the intake pipe at the opposite side of the throttlevalve, an atomizing device associated with the carburetor and includinga valved chamber having depending threaded extension, a needle valveextended through said extension, a primer reservoir situated within thecarburetor bowl and having communication at its upper end to saidconduit, a pipe communicating with the valved chamber of the atomizerand having an end extended up into the primer reservoir to a pointadjacent its upper end, said pipe being provided with a dependingthreaded nipple, a

needle valve extended through said last mentioned nipple to control theflow of fuel through the upstanding portion of said pipe, the carburetorbowl' being provided with apertures to receive the threaded nipples ofthe pipe and valved chamber, and caps threaded on said nipples toprovide boxes for the needle valves and for supporting the carburetorbowl.

2. In combination, an intake pipe, a carburetor secured thereto andcomprising a pair of sections, one of said sections having an openingtherein, a deflector arranged within the opening and having its upperend clamped between one of said sections and intake pipe, a shelldepending from one of said sections and adapted to surround thedeflector, a chamber depending from said shell and having a threadednipple, a carburetor bowl surrounding the shell and having an apertureto receive the threaded nipple, a needle valve extending through saidnipple, and a cap threaded on the nipple to assist in supporting thebowl.

3. The combination with an intake pipe and carburetor associatedtherewith, of a vacuum chamber associated with the carburetor forsupplying the carburetor with fuel, a supply device for the'vacuumchamber, a conduit communicating with the upper end of the vacuumchamber and with the intake pipe, float controlled valves in the vacuumchamber, said chamber having communication with the carburetor, anatomizer in the carburetor, a valve for controlling the flow of fuel tothe atomizer, and a valve adapted to automatically close when the supplyof fuel in the carburetor and vacuum chamber have been exhausted wherebya vacuum will be created in the vacuum. chamber by the suction in theintake pipe whereby a supply of fuel will be drawn into the vacuumchamber from the main supply tank.

4. The combination with an intake pipe and carburetor associatedtherewith: of a vacuum chamber associated with the carburetor forsupplying the same with fuel, a conduit leading from the vacuum chamberto the carburetor chamber, a float controlled valve associated with saidconduit, a chamber arranged within the carburetor chamber and forming apart of an atomizer, said atomizer chamber having an opening therein toadmit fuel from the carburetor chamber, a valve associated with saidopening, said vacuum chamber having a gasoline inlet port, and a suctionport having communication with the intake pipe beyond the throttlevalve, said vacuum chamber also being provided with an air port, a valvefor each of the ports in the vacuum chamber, and float controlled meansin said vacuum chamber for simultaneously opening the suction port andgasoline intake port valves, and closing the air port valve, or v1ceversa.

5. The combination with an intake pipe for internal combustion engineshaving an intake passage extending longitudinally thereof, a suctionconduit extending longitudinally through the intake pipe and havingcommunication with the intake passage therethrough, in combination witha vacuum chamber secured directly on top of the intake pipe, a wall ofsaid chamber having a passage communicating with the suction conduit andwith the upper end of the vacuum chamber, said vacuum chamber having inits upper end a fuel inlet port, valves for controlling said port andthe passage in the wall of the vacuum chamber, and float means disposedin the vacuum chamber and adapted to simultaneously operate the saidvalves.

6. The combination with an intake pipe or casting having an intakepassage extending longitudinally thereof and terminating between theends of the intake casting and the intake passage in a downwardlyprojecting inlet end, said intake ipe having a suction conduit extendingongitudinally there through and communicating at one end'with the intakepassage, said intake pipe having a passage opening through its upper andlower faces, a vacuum chamber secured directly on top of the intake pipeover said last mentioned passage, a wall of the vacuum chamber having apassage communicating with the suction conduit and communicating withthe upper end of the vacuum chamber, means within said chamber formaintaining a constant level of fuel therein, and a carburetor securedto the under side of the intake pipe casting beneath the liquid fuelpassage in the intake casting and the main intake passage of themanifold whereby the carburetor will be constantly furnished with 20liquid fuel from the vacuum chamber.

In testimony whereof I afix my signature.

HENRY GREEN.

